浙江中部地区野榧的调查

简述了浙江中部地区被称为"野榧"的植物,并非指一种植物,而是三尖杉、南方红豆杉、粗榧和野生榧树等几种植物.同时介绍了它们的叶与果实的主要区别;指出这些重要野生植物资源应加以保护.     

Genetic Diversity of Cephalotaxus mannii,a Rare and Endangered Plant

Using RAPD technique, the DNA diversity of Cephalotaxus mannii Hook. f., its genetic diversity pattern,the reasons for its endangered position and conservative approaches were studied. The results show that: 1. The genetic diversity of C. mannii collected from five localities in Hainan is low, and its adaptability to environmental change is weak. 2. The differences of genetic diversity between intra and inter populations are great, and the major variation distributes within the population (DNA diversity is 85.1%). 3. The excessive lumbering, man made destruction, violent typhoon, edible value of the seeds and genetic drift were the main reasons for the low level genetic diversity of C. mannii and its endangered position. 4. The difference of the micro environment and other random factors affecting the population should also be taken into full consideration in the study and in protection of such occasionally scattered plants. 5. Enforced measures should be taken to protect the present population, enlarge the population and lower the loss rate of its gene. Mt. Limulin should be chosen as a conservative spot because of its high genetic diversity and less destruction of the forest. Meanwhile, the protection of other populations should be enforced. 6. The differences within and between the populations are great based on different primers used. The change of proportions in polymorphic loci between the populations is more than that between the primers.     

不同种群海南粗榧(Cephalotaxus mannii)遗传多样性研究

采用垂直板型凝胶电泳技术 ,对海南粗榧 5个种群的遗传多样性进行了研究 ,结果表明 :海南粗榧遗传多样性水平低 ,多态位点比率 P=0 .3 3 ,等位基因平均数 A=1 .3 3 ,平均期望杂合度为 He=0 .1 3 5 ,观察杂合度 Ho=0 .1 3 9,黎母山种群所具有的相对丰富的遗传多样性使其成为保护和科研的重点     

海南粗榧（Cephalotaxus mannii Hook.f.）化学元素含量及变异研究

 利用变异系数和差异显著性检验,对海南坝王岭等五个海南粗榧群体植株及其不同器官的C、H、N、K等15种化学元素分布及变异进行研究。结果表明：1)海南粗榧(Cephalotaxus mannii Hook．f．)中的化学元素含量分布总体呈Ca>K型,但枝、茎、根、种子等不同器官却表现为K>Ca型;2)海南粗榧群体内各化学元素含量的变异系数较大,但群体内和群体间基本无显著差异;3)海南粗榧不同群体同一器官间元素含量相对稳定,变异系数不太大,群体不同器官间则呈现显著甚至极显著的差异,但不同器官的总体平均值却无显著差异。     

三尖杉叶精油化学成分的研究

三尖杉叶精油化学成分的研究苏应娟,王艇,张宏达（中国科学院武汉植物研究所武汉４３００７４）（中山大学生命科学学院广州５１０２７５）关键词三尖杉,精油,化学分类ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＣＯＮＳＴＩＴＵＥＮＴＳＯＦＥＳＳＥＮＴＩＡＬＯＩＬＦＲＯＭ...     

三尖杉酯碱和高三尖杉酯碱的生物活性及临床应用

概述了从粗榧料植物中分离的抗肿瘤生物碱三尖杉酯碱和高三尖杉酯碱和高三尖杉酯碱等的生物活性,包括其实验及临床药理、临床毒性、分子药理机制,化学研究和未来市场的研究展望。     

三尖杉的组织培养－紫杉醇来源的新途径

从三尖杉当年生幼茎和未成熟假种皮诱导出了愈伤组织,对愈伤组织进行了培养研究,ＨＰＬＣ分析表明其紫杉醇和１０－ｄＡＢⅢ分别为细胞干重的０．００２０９％和０．０１２２％。三尖杉可望成为紫杉醇来源的新途径。     

Karyotype and Sex Chromosomes in Cephalotaxus sinensis

In Cephalotascus sinensis (Rehd. et Wils. ) Li the somatic chromosome number was found to be of 2n=24. Eleven pairs of chromosomes possessed their centromeres at median or median-submedian regions. The shortest pair of chromosomes was the SAT chromosome which possessed their centromeres at the submedian regions. The sex chromosomes were demonstrated by the Giemsa C-banding technique. The sexual determination mechanism of female was WZ type (2n=24=22A+WZ), and that of male was ZZ type (2n=24=22A +ZZ).     

A Comparative Study on Function and Membrane Proteins of Chloroplasts of Three Species of Cephalotaxus in Late Winter

Three species of evergreen Cephalotaxus (C. fortunei Hook. f., C. sinensis Li and C. harringtonia cv. Fastigiata) were used as materials to study some functional properties of chloroplasts. It is found that the oxygenevolving capacity of the chloroplasts from these plants is inhibited but partial reaction of PS-II and effect of Mg²⁺ on energy distribution between two photosystems are detectable during the winter. Seasonal effects on the functional properties of chloroplasts from evergreen Cephalotaxus are similar to that of conifer chloroplasts. The ratio between F₆₈₅, F₆₉₅ and F₇₃₅ of fluorescence emission spectra at 77°K of chloroplasts is different among these three species. It is found by using SDS-PAGE that the number of polypeptide resolved from thylakoid membrane of C. harringtonia cv. Fastigiata substantially differs from that of C. fortunei Hook.f. and C. sinensis Li. The result shows that the fluorescence emission spectrum feature and polypeptide composition of thylakoid membrane may be used as a tool for systematics of the genus Cephalotaxus.     

Oliveriflavone,a New Biflavonoid from Cephalotaxus oliveri Mast.

Cephalotaxus oliveri Mast. which is native to China (Hunan, Hupei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangdong, etc.) belongs to family Cephalotaxaceae. Recently, a series of research work on alkaloids from Cephalotaxus genus has been reported because of their anticancer activities. However, other major active components-biflavones are neglected. In order to discuss the relationship of gymnosperm and study the active components we isolated three biflavones from the le- aves of Cephalotaxus oliveri Mast. Two of them co-3, co-4, are known compounds ie amentoflavone-4',4"',7,7"-tetramethyl ether and sciadopitysin, and the third one co-2, is a new compound named oliveriflavone. It's structure was elucidated as amentoflavone-4',4'",7,7"-ether by UV, IR, 1HNMR, MS and chemical reactions.